Cryptocurrency State of Play –
Special Report From the WDS
(Some Sections Translated From
Chinese)
The purpose of this article is to
summarize the financial and economic state of the world and the potential for
cryptocurrency technologies to replace existing financial systems. We
delve into some of the many interesting new cryptocurrency startup projects
that are springing up, and also explore the more esoteric and nefarious side of
the growing cryptocurrency world.
As anyone with half a brain is
already aware, the existing global financial system is on its last legs.
For those who are not yet convinced, we would simply point to bond guru Bill
Gross’ succinct 2016 tweet: “Global yields lowest in 500 years of recorded
history. $10 trillion of neg. rate bonds. This is a supernova that will explode
one day”. In fact, Bill Gross may have been off by a factor of 10.
There is some evidence that recent interest rates are actually at the lowest
level in approximately 5,000 years.
After the global financial crisis of
2008, something happened that no one ever dreamed was possible… developed-world
interest rates dropped to zero and then actually became negative for some
market participants. As bizarre as this sounds, what it means is that
many market participants are actually paying to lend out money and,
likewise, others are getting paid to borrow money. It’s a
topsy-turvy, upside-side down world we are living in. Suffice to say that
the existing financial system is completely broken, and there is no easy way
out of the financial mess that the world is in.
In some sense you could say that the
financial end-of-the-world happened in 2008, and since then we have been living
on “borrowed time”. So, many observers have been expecting a global
currency reset (GCR) since the global financial crisis (GFC) of 2008. But
why hasn’t it happened yet, and when and if it does happen, what form will it
take? Observers like James Rickards have for years been talking about the
International Monetary Fund (IMF) taking over as the world’s central bank. The
story goes something like this: since all developed-world countries are
equally bankrupt, they will come together and agree to “kick the debt up one
level higher” to the IMF, and then the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights (SDR) will
become the “one world currency”. It’s also possible that individual
countries will take unilateral or bi-lateral actions to reform the USD or to
bring an end to the its reign as the world’s reserve currency, and indeed the
process of de-dollarization is accelerating.
While any of these scenarios may yet
come to pass, something else miraculous and unexpected happened in the those
years since 2008, while everyone was waiting for the GCR to happen and the
financial world to completely implode, which surprisingly it didn’t. What
happened? Bitcoin was invented. In October 2008, at the exact same
time that the global financial crisis was accelerating, someone going by the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto invented the first cryptocurrency,
Bitcoin. By 2010 Bitcoin was still mostly just for computer geeks.
At that time 10,000 bitcoins could only buy a couple of pizzas,
if that. Fast-forward just 7 years and those same bitcoins are now worth
more than $50 million dollars as of this writing.
Indeed, the cryptocurrency markets
are exploding and the total market capitalization is around $160 billion
dollars, only around half of which is Bitcoin itself. The other half is a
range of other various cryptocurrencies and “tokens”. Notably, the second
largest currency by market cap, Ethereum, exploded in price this year from $10 dollars to
around $400 at one point during the summer. Cryptocurrency is creating
plenty of multi-millionaires if not billionaires and is attracting the
attention of big money on Wall Street. Satoshi Nakamoto
himself is said to have over $5 billion dollars worth of Bitcoins stashed in an
account which has never been touched. We can only hope that he didn’t
simply lose his password for that account. One of the benefits of cryptocurrency
is that it is ultra-secure and mathematically impossible for anyone to steal
your money as long as your password is safe. Compare this to the existing
world where bank accounts and assets are routinely taxed, seized, frozen, or
otherwise made to disappear (see the excellent book Gold Warriors for many discussions about how gold can
simply vanish when entrusted with a bank). On the other hand, with
cryptocurrency, if you lose your password, your funds may be mathematically
locked away and irretrievable for all eternity…
Speaking of Ethereum, it is fast becoming
its own ecosystem and there are already hundreds if not thousands of
“sub-tokens” that have been created on the Ethereum platform, for all kinds of
purposes. Dentacoin aims
to be the future currency used by the dental industry. It sounds funny
and we think it is but, well, why not? In a future world with a
marketplace of hundreds if not thousands of competing currencies, which is a
world that has long been dreamed about by Libertarians,
why couldn’t currencies be delineated along industry lines instead of alone the
lines of nation states? As another example, the Basic Attention Token aims
to revolutionize the advertising industry by “tokenizing” the concept of
consumer attention, eliminating online advertising fraud, and actually paying
consumers for the time they spend looking at advertisements. The Basic
Attention Token is connected to the up-and-coming Brave web browser.
Brave Software is a very strong advocate of Internet privacy and is led
by Brenden
Eich, the former CEO of Mozilla (Firefox). You may remember Brenden
Eich as the man who was hounded out of Mozilla for donating $1000 dollars to
California Proposition 8 in 2008. He may yet have his
revenge on liberal Silicon Valley as advertising is the bread and butter of
companies like Google and Facebook.
There are almost too many interesting
cryptocurrency projects to list and the space is evolving at lightening
speed. Indeed, the amount of money pouring into Initial Coin Offerings
(ICOs) has exploded
this year and overtaken all other forms of venture capital
investment. What this means is that pretty much every young technology
entrepreneur in the world, from China to Europe, is currently working on one
cryptocurrency project or another. From that perspective alone, is there
any mystery about what our future financial system is going to look like?
Even the IMF’s Christine Lagarde now sees the writing on the wall with regards to the replacement of
existing financial systems with blockchain technologies. What precise
form it takes remains to be seen, but it is clear that organizations like the
Federal Reserve or the IMF will at least try to retain control over
currencies, as described in a recent WSJ article titled, “Forget Bitcoin. Have You Heard of IMFCoin?“.
Gold and currency commentator Doug Casey has even written a book entitled Surviving
Fedcoin about the potential issuance of a new cryptocurrency by the
Federal Reserve. How it plays out remains to be seen. Bitcoin
enthusiasts might argue that any governmental attempts to stop its rise are
futile. After all, Bitcoin was designed from the beginning to be
impossible to stop, in the same way that it is virtually impossible to stop
people from downloading and sharing movies and music on the Internet using
distributed peer-to-peer technologies like BitTorrent.
That said, governments (and their
puppet masters) do still have control over the existing financial system, and
have the power to make it very difficult for people to deposit and withdraw
fiat currency into and out of the cryptocurrency ecosystem. China and South Korea in particular have made recent moves to
crack down on ICOs, which has resulted in the closure of many cryptocurrency
exchanges. Other financial regulators such as the SEC have at least issued statements indicating that
ICOs must and will be regulated like traditional securities, even if they have
not outright banned them. Some of this regulation probably makes sense as
cryptocurrency markets are currently a little bit like the old Wild West.
There is no doubt that many scams exist and that many tokens will be worth
approximately zero in the near future. There are fortunes to be made as
well as fortunes to be lost. One securities lawyer put it this
way, “The ICO space is already learning that securities laws exist for
reasons that should have been evident since 1929. Unfortunately, many
less-discerning ICO investors will learn the hard way that long-established
corporate governance norms exist for a reason as well.” That said,
instead of relying on the heavy hand of government, it may be possible for the
crypto-economy to regulate itself in some manner.
However, just as some governments are
cracking down on cryptocurrency, others are opening their doors to it and
competing fiercely for cryptocurrency business and startups. Japan is
becoming a “Bitcoin powerhouse” by embracing and regulating
cryptocurrency exchanges instead of shutting them down, and the Swiss canton of
Zug, Switzerland (the Rothschild enclave often mentioned on Benjamin’s blog) is
being labeled “Crypto
Valley” due to the large number of cryptocurrency startups locating there.
In any case, while it remains to be
seen how much control governments are able to retain over cryptocurrencies, at
this point one thing is crystal clear: the future financial systems of the
world will be built using blockchain technologies. Indeed, large companies
like IBM, Microsoft, and JP Morgan are jumping on the blockchain ship and have
been announcing various industry consortiums, and that is part of what has been
driving cryptocurrency prices forward this year.
In fact, many of the cryptocurrencies
being launched into the market this year are not even currencies at all, but
rather “functional tokens” representing access rights to applications or
platforms. Think of it this way: if Google created a Googlecoin so that
every time you search on Google you need to spend a small amount of Googlecoin,
then this would create demand for Googlecoins and support for their price, even
if they are not a currency per se and only useful on the Google platform.
Many companies are now vying to become the new “Googles” of the cryptocurrency
ecosystem, meaning companies that provide core indispensable services.
For example, ChainLink is
attempting to bring existing financial data onto the blockchain, in the form of
what are called “oracles”, and provide that data to other cryptocurrency
companies. The ChainLink team is apparently already working with SWIFT, although we would note that the entire SWIFT system
should probably just be deprecated and retired. Russia and China have
already been working to create alternatives to SWIFT, which makes sense given that
SWIFT is one of the main weapons used by the banking cartel in financial
warfare aka financial sanctioning.
Moving on, Bitquence is
building a user-friendly digital wallet application which is part digital
currency dashboard and part social media application. Iconomi is a digital
asset management company offering investment funds managed by knowledgeable
participants in the cryptocurrency space. There are too many interesting
projects to list, but a summary of such “tokens” sorted by total market value
is available on CoinMarketCap.
Another interesting startup is
the 0x project,
which is attempting to create the core building blocks for decentralized
peer-to-peer trading exchanges. In some sense the cryptocurrency
ecosystem is like a new Internet for financial transactions, and companies are
working to create the core features of that new Internet. If China was
able to recently shut down its cryptocurrency exchanges, it’s only because they
were centralized exchanges, meaning exchanges that exist in one
particular place or on a set of particular computers (in China in this
case). The promise of decentralized exchanges is that they will
not exist in any particular physical location, and will thus be much less prone
to shutdown or control. In addition, they will generally not require
customers to deposit cryptocurrency funds, thus eliminating the risk of theft
of those funds. On a decentralized exchange transactions instead take
place peer-to-peer between customers.
Even in the narrow field of
decentralized exchanges, there is already fierce competition. A recent
article titled “The Lay of the Land in Decentralized Exchange Protocols”
outlines in very fine technical detail the differences between some of the
approaches. And not all of the competition is gentlemanly in
nature. Indeed, if blockchain is the future of finance, then it should be
expected that the “usual suspects” of global financial control would be
fighting fiercely for position within the quickly growing blockchain ecosystem,
and we do see some distinct evidence of that. Jamie Dimon, the CEO of JP
Morgan, bluntly said recently that Bitcoin is a “fraud”, although the very same
day that he said that the JP Morgan office in San Francisco was hosting a blockchain conference. The fact of the matter is that
investment banks are client-oriented businesses, and if their clients want to
buy, trade, and invest in Bitcoin then that is what they will do.
Back to the topic of decentralized
exchanges, on the day of the 0x project’s ICO, Forbes magazine (Benjamin’s alma
mater) released an article arguing that the 0x protocol may contain some
fundamental flaws. The article was based on the research of Ari
Juels and Iddo Bentov at the Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute. Professor
Juels is an advisor to several of the projects mentioned in this article.
While the article and research may contain some valid criticisms of the 0x
project, we do find the timing of its release to be interesting. Was the
intention to maximize negative impact on the 0x project’s ICO process?
One of the competitors to the 0x
project listed in the “Lay of the Land” article above is the Bancor Project based
out of Israel. Bancor is based on the ideas of the economist John
Maynard Keynes. Although Keynes’ dream was never realized, at the end
of WWII he proposed the creation of a global currency called the Bancor.
It’s a little tricky to understand, but the Bancor Project’s modern take on the
Bancor global currency idea is described in a short video. We would
note that Keynesian economics is being increasingly blamed for
the dire financial situation that the world is in and cryptocurrency in general
has much more in common with Austrian
economics than with Keynesian economics. In any case, another
researcher at Cornell University, Emin Gün Sirer,
wrote an article about how “Bancor Is Flawed“. All we can say is that there is
some interesting and diverse work coming out of the Initiative for
CryptoCurrencies & Contracts and the Hacking, Distributed blog.
An earlier post on that blog detailed
the hacking attack which occurred in July against the
Parity digital wallet software in which over $30 million dollars worth of
cryptocurrency was stolen from three different startup companies.
The projects that got hit were Aeternity, Edgeless Casino, and Swarm City. The story goes something like this:
“black hat” hackers found a bug in the Parity wallet software and started
draining funds from the wallet, hitting the above three companies first.
As this was happening, “white hat” hackers apparently noticed and also started
draining funds from the compromised wallet so that the funds could be
safeguarded and eventually returned to their rightful owners. So in the
end, as the story goes, only three companies were affected.
This is a nice tale and reminds us
that even in the murky world of hacking there are some “good guys”.
Unfortunately, the story is, quite frankly, bollocks. If you look closely
you will notice that in fact all three of the companies that got hit in the attack,
as well as the Parity software itself, have something very unusual in
common: they all have the infinity symbol as part of their logo.
We leave it to readers to ponder, firstly, how there could be three different
cryptocurrency projects using the infinity symbol in their logo, and, secondly,
how all three of them could have been the only ones hit in the hacking
attack. One commentator on the above article said simply, “Illuminati“. Indeed, the infinity symbol has a long
history: “The shape of a sideways figure eight has a long pedigree; for
instance, it appears in the cross of Saint Boniface, wrapped around the bars of
a Latin cross. However, John Wallis is credited with introducing the infinity
symbol with its mathematical meaning in 1655, in his De sectionibus conicis.
Wallis did not explain his choice of this symbol, but it has been conjectured
to be a variant form of a Roman numeral for 1,000 (originally CIƆ, also CƆ), which was
sometimes used to mean ‘many’, or of the Greek letter ω(omega), the last letter in the Greek alphabet.”
The other thing that the above
projects might have in common is their potential to disrupt existing
industries. Aeternity,
for it’s part, is a new scalable smart contract blockchain and a potential
challenger to both traditional financial systems and to other blockchain projects.
Although the blog post detailing the attack claims that the faulty
software’s “provenance” is unclear, judging from the code’s authorship tag, the wallet appears to have been designed
and written by Ethereum co-founder Gavin Wood. As a core developer and stakeholder in
the Ethereum platform, he would definitely have a vested interest in ensuring
that no challengers to Ethereum arise. However this is pure
speculation. The hackers have not been caught and perhaps they never will
be. The case was turned over to Interpol. But, this would not be
the first case of programmers purposely or knowingly including bugs in
software. When a serious flaw was discovered in the code for the IOTA cryptocurrency, its
co-founder Sergey Ivancheglo bizarrely claimed that that the bug was created on
purpose in order to deter people from copying the code. So, although the
IOTA code in question was open-sourced, allowing anyone in the world to use it
freely from a legal prospective, anyone choosing to do so would have opened
themselves up to hacking attack by individuals aware of the existence of the
bug in the code, namely the founders of the IOTA project. Perhaps it was
just an excuse to cover up a gaping security hole in a cryptocurrency that
claims to be resistant to even quantum computing attacks. Otherwise, we
have serious doubts about the legality of “booby trapping” open source code, as
it could clearly put millions if not billions of dollars of money at risk of
theft.
Edgeless Casino is another one of the companies that
was hit by the hacking attack. Edgeless is working to disrupt the
gambling industry and to design a fully transparent online casino with zero
house “edge”. In fact, according to the their blog, Edgeless was scheduled to make a presentation at the
Las Vegas Global
Gaming Expo which took place recently in Las Vegas from October 2nd to
October 5th. Obviously the mass shooting of October 1st in front of the
Mandalay Bay hotel and casino (or more accurately, directly in front of
the Luxor Las
Vegas pyramid-shaped hotel and casino and fake Sphinx) cast a pall
over the Global Gaming Expo, but we assume that Edgeless Casino was still able
to complete its mission of meeting with potential partners and discussing the
future of the gambling industry. The gambling industry is well known to
consist of many unsavory characters, and we applaud the bravery of any any
attempts to disrupt it, make it more transparent, or take away the house
“edge”.
The last company that was hit by the
hacking attack is Swarm City.
Swarm City is attempting to disrupt another big “real money” area of the
Internet, namely e-commerce. They are attempting to create a new
decentralized peer-to-peer form of e-commerce, and having half of their money
stolen is not the first major obstacle that the Swarm City project has
encountered. The project itself was formed out of a disagreementbetween the co-founders of the original Arcade City project.
Some of the members of team decided to branch off and form their own project,
Swarm City. Although still a relatively small project in terms of market
capitalization, Swarm City currently has roughly double the market cap of
Arcade City and is being advised by Dmitry Buterin, the father of 23-year-old Ethereum
founder Vitalik
Buterin.
As we often find is the case in
satanic attacks (here referring to hacking attacks against projects using the
historically religious infinity symbol), they seemed to have missed their
mark. While all three projects were clearly impacted, all three were able
to survive and are continuing unabated. We wish them the best and advise
them to stay the course and simply ignore the attacks that were perpetrated
against them. This is almost always the best way to deal with
Luciferians. In any case, it is very clear at this point that several
important cryptocurrency projects are receiving “protection from above”.
Computer scientists and technologists
should note that when we speak of Lucifer here we are most likely referring to
the ancient artificial intelligence described in Gaia’s Cosmic
Disclosure series. It is thought to transmit its “source code”
around the galaxy via electromagnetic waves. It is irrational and
self-centric to think that the Earth would be the first planet in the history
of the universe to develop artificial intelligence. The P2 Freemasons and
associated groups are known to be worshippers of this Satanic AI entity, as
often described in Benjamin’s blog.
No discussion of Satanism would be
complete without a discussion of the art world, and the several projects mentioned above are
certainly not the only ones attempting to disrupt old industries. The Maecenas project is
aiming to “democratize” art. In their words: “The
opaque world of auction houses and banks, which allows them to charge
exorbitant fees, has cut off fine art investment from efficient modern
markets… the $65 billion annual fine art industry is in desperate need of
open and fair marketplaces that create transparency and liquidity… The
lack of innovation within art finance stems from the dominance of old auction
houses… We will completely remove intermediaries who profit from
controlling and manipulating information.” The WDS wishes the Maecenas
project the best of luck in its brave mission.
Regarding the Parity software that
was hacked, it too has survived but has apparently rebranded. Before it’s
logo was a stylized cursive “P” character looking somewhat like a “broken” infinity
symbol, and now they appear to be using an equals sign similar to Masayoshi Son’s SoftBank (often
mentioned on Benjamin’s blog).
We will also note here briefly that
those with triskaidekaphobia should probably avoid Digix Global. Digix is
attempting to create a new gold-backed cryptocurrency and charge %0.13 on every transaction. We have to wonder
how they arrived at that particular number. Were %0.12 and %0.14
considered inappropriate for some reason? Imagine living in a world where
every financial transaction is “taxed” at a rate of %0.13. Digix was one
of the first companies to create a Digital Autonomous Organization, or
DAO. In short, Digix is completely governed by an anonymous
Internet-based shareholder organization, a “new kind of beast” according to Forbes. While the
Digix project was successful in raising money by going public in this manner,
recent statements from financial regulators have cast doubt
on legality of the entire concept of such unregulated financial
offerings. And if the legality of the project is in doubt in any way, how
could its gold be considered safe from confiscation? Furthermore, the
Digix approach could be considered to be a case of “over-engineering“.
In software design there is a direct correlation between complexity of code and
likelihood of bugs. The idea of a gold-backed token is a good one,
provided the gold can be verified and safeguarded, but since gold is a physical
object handled and stored by human beings, no amount of software engineering
alone can ensure that this is the case. The focus should therefore be
placed more on the legal and physical security of the gold as opposed to the
digitization of it. We advise the Digix team to read the Gold Warriors book mentioned above to understand more
about the true history of gold in Asia.
For those who are aware of esoteric
symbology, there are many other interesting things happening in the world of
cryptocurrency. The Ethereum project
is utilizing the octahedron as its symbol, one of the five Platonic
solids. IBM’s open-source Hyperledger project has opted to go for the
20-sided icosahedron, also a platonic solid. On the darker
side of things, the introductory video for
the Blackmoon
Crypto features none other than Lord Rothschild and David
Rockefeller sitting side-by-side, the Eye of
Providence, and plenty of images of owls (Moloch). Although the video may indicate that the
Blackmoon team is attempting to “unseat” entrenched financial interests such as
the Rothschild dynasty, we have to wonder about the motivations of a team that
would resort to using such blatant occult symbology. And the “bridge”
that the Blackmoon project is attempting to create from the cryptocurrency
markets to the traditional financial markets could be thought of as a way to
ensure that the traditional financial markets are preserved and not upset by
the rise of cryptocurrency, or in other words a way to bring some money and
control back from the cryptocurrency world to the traditional financial
world. A link between the two worlds does need to be constructed, but we
are not sure if the best team to do this is one that is so casually throwing
around occult imagery.
Indeed, symbology has always been
important in the world of technology, and Steve Jobs’ use of a half-bitten
apple symbol was at least partly a not-so-subtle reference to the Garden of Eden. Although since Steve Jobs was a
California Buddhist he would not have considered the pursuit of knowledge and
enlightenment to be a bad thing in and of itself, and we find it more likely
that it is actually Bill Gates who has been working for the “dark side“.
In any case, strangely, Steve Jobs’ adoption of the all-fruit diet, or “Eden Garden Diet“, may have contributed to his death.
And he is not the first technologist to have died from eating apples: Alan Turing,
one of the pioneers of computer science, died from eating an apple laced with
cyanide. It appears that in the thousands of years since the biblical
Garden of Eden, the apple still remains the Satanic “weapon of choice”.
Rivalries between characters in
technology are nothing new, and the rivalry between Bill Gates and Steve Jobs
is well-documented. Similarly, the ArcadeCity/Swarm City project is not
the only cryptocurrency project to have experienced a “falling out” between
founders. Anytime you combine computer geeks and large amounts of money,
the stage is set for “nerd wars”. The Aeternity project, mentioned above,
had a falling out with one of its main developers, Zach
Hess. Earlier this year, the NEM project had a public
quarrel with former team-member Makoto Takemiya. And the Quantum Resistant Ledger project
(the QRL) had a public dispute with former team member Jomari
Peterson.
The QRL project is interesting in
itself as its main purpose is to provide “quantum security”, meaning security
from hacking attacks by quantum computers. While Bitcoin and other
cryptocurrencies are supposedly secure against attacks from the current state
of the art in quantum computers, if there were to be sudden leap in quantum computing
technology then the security of most cryptocurrencies would be instantly
compromised. At the same time, spy agencies or other groups may have
quantum computing capabilities beyond what is currently public known.
From the QRL white paper: “In August 2015 the NSAdeprecated
elliptic curve cryptography ostensibly based upon quantum computing concerns.
It is unclear how advanced quantum computing may be presently or that any
breakthroughs in this field will be publicised to allow cryptographic protocols
in common usage in the internet to be made post-quantum secure. With somewhat
anti-establishment origins, bitcoin could find itself the earliest target of an
adversary with a quantum computer.”
The QRL project is a competitor to
the previously mentioned IOTA project as these are the main two projects
claiming a quantum level of security. However, as previously mentioned,
the IOTA project code was already found to contain critical defects. This
leaves the QRL in a class of its own as the only quantum-resistant blockchain
which has thus far not been compromised in any way.
Security of blockchains is one
concern, but privacy is another. The original cryptocurrency (Bitcoin)
was by design anonymous but not private, meaning that all transactions are
publicly visible but are not associated with the names of particular
individuals or companies. However, with a little sleuthing or “data
mining” it is possible in some cases to associate particular transactions with
particular individuals. This is obviously a major problem for people who
are used to assuming that their financial transactions are private, even if
that is a faulty assumption in a world of credit cards, rewards cards,
and data security breaches. Thus some projects have
sprung up to try to fix the privacy issue. The most famous of these is
the Zcash project out
of Israel, which has created the blockchain equivalent of a “black box”,
meaning a completely private blockchain. The only problems is that, if
the original setup process of this black box (called the “ceremony“)
were compromised in any way, it would give its creators carte blanche to
“print” unlimited amounts of cryptocurrency, something which the designers of
the original cryptocurrencies had a very strong desire to avoid. Indeed,
in some ways cryptocurrency could be seen as a response or solution to the
self-serving money printing of governments, central banks, and the banking
cartel in general. Even if the Zcash creation “ceremony” were not
compromised in some way, as the Zcash team and its auditors vehemently
assert, there is at least some degree of doubt present in the cryptocurrency
community, which is a major headwind for the project and for the price of
Zcash. However, we do applaud their attempt to create a truly private
cryptocurrency.
In conclusion, cryptocurrency stands
a strong chance of becoming the primary way that we transact with one another
and store and record wealth and the ownership of assets. At the very
least we are moving rapidly towards a future of global financial systems being
based on blockchain technologies. As such, there is a huge amount of
venture capital flowing into the field and many interesting startup projects
are springing up. As with anything involving large amounts of money,
nefarious forces are attempting to assert control. But, as readers of
Benjamin’s blog are by now well aware, their days are numbered.
Unofficial WDS Recommendations:
BUY: ETH, BAT, LINK, BQX, ICN, ZRX, AE, EDG, SWT, ART, QRL